Strategic Human Resource Management enhances organisational Essay

Strategic Human Resource Management enhances organisational performance in both good and bad economic times - Essay Example The sensitivity of this department is so significant that no organization can exist in its absence, requires ultimate professionalism, ethical discipline, wide knowledge on human relations, and the drive to success. Moreover, human resource management relies on the objectives, vision, mission statement, and target goals of the organization. Since, these company features directly determine the performance and success of the organization operations it is logically true that human resource management has a subsequent influence in the performance of the reference organization. To achieve the perfect organizational performance human resource management requires good policies, adequate strategies, effective organizational culture, and good corporate environment to attain the requisite competitive advantage that guarantees organizational performance. Most significantly, strategic human resource management enhances organisational performance in any economic setup. Indeed, we can define Strat egic human resource management as a strategic approach to manage human resources of a given organization.  Its main aim includes designing and implementing a set of internally consistent policies and procedures that guarantee the contribution of available human capital of a firm to the achievement of its business objectives. Strategic human resource management puts a lot of emphasis on the development of the firm’s capacity to respond to the external environment through a better utilization of human resources. Indeed, the strategy of any given firm reflects its timely response to the ever-increasing changes in the competitive market. Hence, Strategic human resource management acts as a catalyst in the satisfaction of the strategic goals through promoting behavioral utility among employees. Actually, the issue of Strategic human resource management has been in the limelight for a

The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) isn't wrong. It just doesn't go Essay

The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) isn't wrong. It just doesn't go far enough. Discuss - Essay Example The cpitl sset pricing model (CPM) theory ssumes tht n investor expects yield on certin security equivlent to the risk free rte (sy tht rte chievble on six-month Tresury bills) plus premium bsed on mrket vribility of return X mrket risk premium. In Winter 1991, the mrket risk premium on listed U.S. common stocks ppers to hve been bout 6.5%, ccording to sttistics published in the Qurterly Review, Winter 1991, by the Federl Reserve Bnk of New York (though the Ibbotson study found it to exceed 8% from the mid 1920s through 1987). Thus in period of 4% infltion, the T-bill rte might be ppropritely 4.5 to 5%; four- or five-yer Tresury note should hve yield of 5.5 to 6%; Tresury bonds should yield percent higher thn this; nd corporte bond yields should hve even higher returns to compenste for their dditionl credit or business risk. The cpitl sset pricing model for this scenrio suggests tht nnul returns on low-bet electric utility might be .05 + .50 bet (.065) = 8.25%. bout 75% of this might come from dividends nd the blnce from expected growth in dividends over n extended time period. By contrst, n verge stock with bet of 1.00 should provide rte of return of 4.5 to 5.0% plus the mrket premium of 6.5% or between 11 nd 12%. high-bet stock (one operting in cyclicl industry, for exmple) with bet, or reltive mrket voltility in price, of 1.50 should provide mrket return of 5.0% + 1.50 (0.065) or bout 15%. We could convert these from ernings price rtios to price-ernings (P-E) rtios nd determine tht the electric utilities, in this scenrio, should trde t bout 12 P-E rtio nd the high-bet stock should trde t P-E rtio of bout 6 to 7 . Three-yer verge (smoothed) ernings for these type firms hve, in fct, provided bout these P-E levels for highly cyclicl stocks during recent yers. The problem is in how to evlute bove verge or super growth rte for non- or low-dividend-pying stocks, topic of mjor concern to investment fundmentlists. Since stocks re bought on the bsis of expected returns for the next yer (or for severl yers into the future), perceived shift in the rte of infltion (or of the interest rte level), will send most common stocks to higher or lower levels. Strength of the overll economy, the sector in which the firm opertes, its own industry's strengths nd weknesses, nd individul firm's chrcteristics likewise hve bering on the ssessed mrket vlue of equity issues. In fct, this hypothesis is greed on by most fundmentlists nd technicins. The pproch recommended by most investment fundmentlists moves from the mcro to the micro nlysis. First of ll, we should determine if the overll stock mrket is the plce to be. Next, we should zero in on the industries tht re showing bove-verge strength. Next, we should select individul firms tht re likely to led others in their respective industries. In generl, the security mrket line, t given point in time, ppers to do resonbly efficient job of explining differences in expected yields on lterntive types of finncil issues. The cpitl sset pricing model is merely grph showing the nticipted yields on securities trded in money nd cpitl mrkets with vrying degrees of finncil risk. The trend line tht joins the points on the grph is referred to s the security mrket line. Mrket yields re shown on the y (verticl) xis nd the vribility of return on the x (horizontl) xis.

Analyzing Leadership and Motivation Styles at Tata Steel

Analyzing Leadership and Motivation Styles at Tata Steel As we all know that the steel is an important item which implies the evolution and prosperity of any nation .The steel industry is basically a start-up for the development of any country .For an overall growth of India ,which is emerging as an expeditiously industrialized country ,it was very essential to accomplish the technological change in the making of iron and steel .Today ,some of the top nations which produces steel are developing countries .For instance ,China is one of the largest steel producing country in the world .Indias position is tenth as mentioned in Wilhelm 1998,Steel Scenario Yearbook,1998.India being a large deposit of iron-ore ,a low labour workforce ,highly qualified manpower resources but still it could not generate the required thrust in order to bring the technological changes. Developing countries cannot always afford to build up or extend their own technologies .They need sometimes to bring technologies from other developed countries .The characteristics of socio-economic factors of India have greatly influenced the technological growth of the country in general .India turn out to be having a good technology base and also has developed a high level of adequate quality in the areas of information technology ,atomic energy and space sciences. In such case when India was emerging to be a developing nation,I would like to state about one of the leader whose leadership skills and motivation styles took India to great level of technology and growth and prosperity features. Jamsedji Nusserwanji Tata was one of the leader whose continuous innovations led India to develop a lot.He was born in a Parsi family on march 3,1839. At the age of 14,he came to Bombay and in 1868,at the age of 29,he started a private trading firm with a small capital of Rs 21,000.During this period,he travelled a lot to various places which inspired in him the desire to set up a bankrupt oil mill and then he convert it into cotton mill where cotton goods were manufactured and was named as Alexander Mill.His continuous efforts and inspirations led him to develop and launch few mills which were supported by Indian shareholders.He was a unique personality.He not only thought about the innovative ways to manufacture textiles and gain profit from them but he also devised new labour practices which satisfied his employees.He always mentioned that its not just his personal success but also for all those employess who have worked for him. Jamshedji was such a nationalist who made significant remarks of the industrial revolution and came to the conclusion that the economic self-sufficiency should go hand in hand with political independence and thus he then made three important basic ingredients: the steel is very important and can be addressed as the mother of heavy industry; hydroelectric power was the cheapest energy to be generated and finally, the technical education. A report on the rich iron ore deposits in India highly motivated him to set up a steel plant for the nation.He researched for years about the process of making the steel and also travelled to Europe and the US for technical advice from other revolutionary thinkers and nationalists.Due to his leadership skills,he was able to set and start a steel plant.The Tata iron and Steel was formed in 1907,in Jamshedpur,in Jharkhand.Also in 1892,he endowed an investment for deserving students for their higher education in abroad.He basically envisioned a national system of education and research institutes in the fields of science and technology,medicine,philosophy and arts. Unfortunately,he was not able to achieve all the three key ideas that he had in mind during his lifetime.The achievement he had was that he had completed Taj Mahal. The Tata Iron and Steel Company grew rapidly and by 1911,its production increased upto 70,000 tons of iron per year .According to the Dictionary of National Biography,the entire industry would support 60,000 workers and their dependants which was truly a high number.Jamshedji was renowed for his enthusiasm embrace innovations and use them not only to improve not only his business but also the lives of the Indian people.He was the first man in India to use rubber tires on his carriage and the first to drive an automobile in the Mumbai city.As the Dictionary of national Biography noted,he characteristically showed ,first,an extensive imagination and keen perception,next a scientific and calculating study of the project and all that is involved and finally a high capacity for organization.He was a man of simple values and perceptions and he scorned publicly or self-adverstisement.Though he passed away by the time,his spirits and efforts were carried forward by his son RD Tata and his co usin Dorabji. Jamshedji was a man whose leadership skills and motivations styles made the plant established,thought about the welfare of his employees.He not only envisioned a emphasized and dynamic workforce but he also envisioned a planned city with a lot of greenery around. Leadership according to JRD meant motivating others, As a chairman,my main responsibility is to inspire respect. According to JRD,the quality had to match innovation.He repeatedly stressed , If you want excellence ,you must aim at perfection. The symbol T has to be the symbol of quality.He was the man who was known for his renowed brand comprising the total quality of the Tata group. Tata too believed in the positive Pygmalion effect towards his employees.He asked the question ,if the workers or employees were being treated exceptionally well,why were they frequently discontented and suspect and hostile towards the company? According to Tata,the viewpoint of any successful labour policy depends upon making the employees feel what they wanted. He was a man who continuously believed in the positive Pygmalion effect which led to a great extension of the Tata group with the help of all the motivated and inspired employees. Thus Tata Steel became one of the earliest companies in India who had a dedicated human resources department.JRD was Indias most well known industrialist,widely respected for his massive contribution to the development of Indian Industry and aviation in particular.Some of the leadership skills about JRD Tata can be stated as follows :approachable,realistic,charismatic,courageous,compassionate,supportive towards innovation,aware of a sense of responsibility,committed to values and a visionary.Jamshedji and Tata both proved themselves to be an authentic leaders and had set a vision for Tata group. Tata Iron and Steel set up in 1907 comes under Tata group which is a private multinational firm with its headquarters at Mumbai.The present chairman is Ratan Tata who took over from JRD Tata in 1991.With the continuous efforts ,its operations covers many fields related to industry,application engineering,information technology,communications,materials,automotive,chemical energy,telecommunications,softwares,hotels,steel and consumer goods. Mission: The aim of the Tata Group is to improve the quality of life in the society by virtue of integrity,understanding,excellence,unity and responsibility. The Tata Group is 150 years old.It currently comprises 96 operating countries,which together employed some 357,000 people worldwide and had enough revenues of US $ 72.5 billion (Feb 2009).It exports products and services to one hundred and forty nations.The Charitable trust of Tata holds 65.8% of the ownership of Tata Group.The production in Tata Steel actually started in 1912 and produces steel at the lowest cost in the world.In 1910,the Tata Hydro-electric Power Supply company was set up. Today the extension of the Tata Group is really remarkable.Tata offers management,economic and financial services.It offers great services in investments and market shares.It is linked to consumer durables like tea,watches,gold,diamonds ; information and communication systems like TCS,Nelco,Tata Infotech,VSNL,Tatanet. Current Financial Crisis: Due to the global financial market crisis,the demand in the steel and its related products has led a drop down.But Tata Steel has still expressed the tendancy for the best possible outcome about retaining its position as one of the worlds largest steel makers.According to media reports ,in October 2008,company vice president ,Partho Sengupta claimed that Tata steel was deliberately well planned to handle the current financial crisis. Awards and Achievements: The Tata Steel was awarded Deming Application Prize in 2008 for Total Quality Management. It is very clear that the leaders are very clear about what they are making and also very flexible about how it gets made.The leaders can make and remake organizations.Jamshedji and Tata were such leaders who were succeeded in embarking on brand building expedition and whose goal was to unify the distinct and diffuse enterprise . Tata brand has strengthen its leadership position on all parameters and those parameters includes knowledge of the business environment,dynamism,workplace quality,quality of products and services ,consistency,reputation and renowed. The Tata Group can be called as a unique assest which represents Leadership with Trust. It provides complete management and financial resources to emerge and develop globally competitive skills to succeed in this endeavor.Tata has strong values where vision and mission comprises of ensuring growth and developing sustainable value to all stakeholders.It mainly focus on the culture of sustainability.It believes in collaboration mea ns it believes in achieving success through teamwork,within employees and partners.Its values composes of care or concern about the well being of its employees and bettering its standards continuously with passion and pride. According to Ratan Tata,in addition to good leadership and management,loyalty must be earned by managers and employees.Hes gentle,kind manner give rise to loyalty and yet he encourages his manager to make tough decisions. I am highly inspired by the leadership skills and motivating styles of such great leaders who have really worked for the growth and prosperity of the nation.Their inspirational motivations associates them to commit to the vision of the organization which in turn had also encourage the employees to reach the goals.I firmly believe that their innovations and creativity had really has a challenging effect on the normal beliefs of the people.They are the real leaders who had individual consideration with each of its associates which help them to reach goals of the organization.Today the Tata group is a renowned company which inspires confidence in its employees,encourage employees to volunteer to perform tasks and high employee satisfaction.This is the reason why the leading brand of Tata group is able to maintain its position and becoming better with its own authenticity.Today,Tata deals with its costumers worldwide countries like China,Japan,Malaysia,Singapore,France,Germany. It is ver y true that the teamworks within any organization helps businesses to overcome all kinds of problems whether it is internally or externally.Moreover,corporate teamwork covers the whole information on how people can expand their knowledge through teamwork and how teamwork helps organization build and grow.Tata is a global growing company where employees keep emerging with their ideas of innovation.The big reason for this is the brand recognition of Tata.According to the Economist blogs,Tata has interests ranging from mineral water to steel.It has also become the symbol of Indias growing overseas.Its transformation into global scale is very large.

Childhood Obesity :: Obesity in Children

As the saying goes, â€Å"You are what you eat†, is there initially someone to blame for that reason? Over the years as our nation grows, so does the appetite of many Americans. In recent studies, as obesity rates in the U.S. continue to rise, childhood obesity is among an ever-pressing concern for the public health. Children between the age of two and five have grown in obesity rate and adolescents aged twelve to nineteen have tripled in that rate. Obesity has not only grown over the span of fifteen years but has become an epidemic among young Americans. But who has to be at fault for the increase of weight in youth? There are many accusations of different people to put the blame but has anyone truly looked at the people selling these fast/junk food products. It is said that fast food industries spend millions of dollars in advertising which pretty much dominate what we watch and hear. So the cause of this epidemic of obesity is not always parents or the lack of good nutritio n/exercise but also the tricks and schemes advertising do to lure in consumers into buying their products but foremost targeting the younger crowd. Marketing campaigns for fast food are stronger and louder than ever now days. It is among one of the fastest growing strategies in advertising. For instance, the marketing of food in the mass media, particularly television has saturated children with advertisements touting all manner of fast food, cereal, and candy (Malvasi, 30). In some cases, parents are put to blame for their children’s obesity, but we seize to realize the financial situation a parent can be in. Many single parents bring in a low income and do not have the money to [prepare a healthy home cooked meal. They relay on dollar menus not just for their lack of parenting but they have to feed their children somehow and that may be their only option. Also, if parents bring in low income it is more likely that they work long shifts, or even work two jobs.

Personal Values for the Bsn Student Essay

Discuss how you demonstrate this value. Altruism: â€Å"Devotion to the welfare of others, regard for others, as a principle of action; opposed to egoism or selfishness† (Britannica Online, 2008). Altruism is taking care of others regardless of your personal feelings. Nurses demonstrate altruism in many ways. They are devoted to their patients while working in any healthcare setting, they take action when a patient needs them to, they work with patients regardless of personal feelings in situations of race, culture, or ethnicity. Personally, I demonstrate the value of altruism in many ways. Currently I work in education and not on the floor. I believe that in my position I am providing hospital staff very important information so that they are able to give the best possible care to patients on the floor. Autonomy: Autonomy is a person’s ability to decide to act on or control their own actions when faced with different situations. Oxford dictionary defines it as: â€Å"Liberty to follow one’s will, personal freedom† (Oxford English Dictionary Online, 2008). Nurses demonstrate autonomy by making sure that their actions are appropriate to their ability. Effective nurses recognize their personal limits and strengths. The nursing process is an important aspect of this recognition. Autonomy is demonstrated in the ability I have to control my actions. Situations have arisen where I do not agree with a choice my patient has made. My first instinct would be to react one way but I have been able to realize that this is not the best way to handle the situation. Human Dignity: The term â€Å"dignity† is defined as â€Å"the state of being worthy of honor or respect† (The Oxford English Dictionary Online, 2008). Human dignity is a concept that â€Å"all human being possess inherent worth and deserve unconditional respect, regardless of age, sex, health status, social or political ideas, religion, or criminal history. † (Wikipedia, 2008). Nurses demonstrate human dignity in many ways. On a daily basis, nurses are caring for patients who have health problems requiring care that may intrude on their personal space and comfort levels. A nurse will respect a patient’s dignity by trying to cover or drape the patient during invasive procedures, they realize that certain things happen with age, and nurses respect a patient’s religious or political ideas. Human dignity is something that I believe I achieve as a nurse. Because I do not work on the floor I achieve this in different ways. I try to educate the nurses in my classes about the different tools available in the software program and how this can help to improve patient safety. I show them the tools they can use to document religious preferences so that other staff members are able to respect the patient. I try to understand â€Å"how they practice with respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of all individuals† (Kalb ; O’Connor-Von, 2007 p. 196), and how this correlates with an EMR. Integrity: â€Å"Soundness of moral principle; the character of uncorrupted virtue, esp. in relation to truth and fair dealing; uprightness, honesty, sincerity† (Wikipedia, 2008). Integrity is a principle that drives a person to do what they feel to be â€Å"right†. Nurses are able to work with a high level of integrity. As nurses, exposure to medical records happens on a daily basis. Nurses show their morals by only using these records to perform their job effectively. Laws like HIPPA exist to help prevent behavior like this from happening. My belief is the vast majority of nurse’s would not â€Å"snoop† without HIPPA. Integrity is something that I take very seriously. In my position I have access to medical records all across a hospital facility. I could very easily access someone’s chart just to see what is happening, or I could look something up with a malicious intent. I believe that my integrity stops me from doing any of these inappropriate behaviors. Social Justice: â€Å"Social Justice is generally thought of as a world which affords individuals and groups fair treatment and an impartial share of the benefits of society† (Wikipedia, 2008). Social justice is a principal that people govern themselves by both politically and personally. Social justice is very similar to many of the other values that have been discussed. Nurses are socially just in their ability to provide the same level of care to patient’s regardless of personal beliefs. Nurses also are socially just with co-workers everyday in the ability to work as a collaborative team. Social justice is a very easy value to live by. I believe that I train my classes fairly every day. I am training all staff at the hospital and I understand that not everyone has the same knowledge that another person has. Being mindful of these differences allows me to teach the appropriate topics to the appropriate people. I would not teach a CNA how to document on a MAR since this is a duty that is not in their scope of practice.

Social, economic and cultural factors

Describe the social, economic and cultural factors that will impact on the lives of There are many social, economic and cultural factors that will impact on the lives of the children and young people that we may work with. Personal choice – Some families decide that they do not wish to live or act in a way in which is viewed from the outside the ‘ social norm for example being a travelling family or a child having same genders parents.If a Child is from a travelling family here is a possibility that their development at school may be delayed due to being transferred from school to school. Children also make personal choices. The choices they make can have a significant impact on their life and development. If children don't have support from carers they won't have rules set and may be able to do what they want such as drugs, smoking and drinking. This will hugely impact on their life.Children need to be encouraged or be given guidance on their life, it is very important for children to have good role models in their life Poverty – People are poor for many reasons, it could be down to drug and alcohol ependency, family breakdown, poor parenting, or a culture of worklessness. Growing up in poverty means being cold, going hungry, not being able to Join in activities with friends or being able to afford after school clubs etc. Families living in poverty are almost twice as likely to live in bad housing which has significant effects on both their physical and mental health, as well as educational achievement.Families that live in poverty are more likely to suffer mental and physical problems. Housing and community – Children that live in Overcrowded, low quality and poor housing situations, i. e. that's damp, has mould and/or infested can have a negative impact on a child or young person's development but especially their health. Children living in these conditions are more likely to have respiratory problems, to be at risk of infections, and have mental health problems.Living in these conditions also affects a child's ability to learn, which can have a lasting impact on a child's chances of succeeding in life. â€Å"Poor housing conditions increase the risk of severe ill-health or disability by up to 25% during childhood and early adulthood. † (Shelter leaflet) In areas where children and young people are xposed to challenging and anti-social behavior, this too can have a negative effect themselves to keep themselves away from the challenging and anti-social behaviour, this can affect social development.Some families that display offending or challenging anti-social behaviour, may end up with their children being taken into care or going into prison. Educational environment – A non-regulated educational facility may create an environment for a child that does not meet a child's needs, thus stunting a child's developmental potential. Having an engaging environment will make a child want to ork. If an en vironment is dull and boring a child won't want to learn and will lose interest.Health status – Children that are unwell may spend a lot of time in hospital or attending hospital appointments, this will have an impact on the child's development because they miss school or pre-school, this can affect education on all aspects of development such as emotional and social aspects, making friendships etc. Having asthma may mean you can't play outside for as long as other children- meaning you may be picked on for being ‘lazy. Being on medication can make you drowsy and so ffect on your school work and concentration.Having time off school can also affect their social skills as they aren't spending much time around children their own age. There are some older children that look after parents that are ill, this is a huge impact on the young person social life and a lot of responsibility at such a young age. Disability – if there is a parent or a child in the family that h as a disability, this could affect the family especially if the child is used as a carer for their parents.In some cases respite care may be needed for families with family members that are disabled nd this can cause family disruptions and inconsistency in a young person's care especially if the respite care is for overnight visits away from home. Whilst a child or family member is receiving support for a health issue this could possibly affect continuity of care, education, development and income. Addictions – Children that live with adults that are addicts may be relied upon by the adults at times to be their main carer.At times these young people may feel isolated and unable to tell people what they are experiencing at home, they may experience stressful situations and may be living in the poverty that the adults that are upposed to be caring for them have caused. In some situation where a young child is suffering abuse or neglect they would be taken into care. Bereavement and loss – If a family loses a member of the family or a close friend this could affect the mental and in turn physical health of a family.Adults that have lost their partners may find the emotional strain difficult to cope with and may then find it more difficult to care for other children in the family. Family expectations and encouragement – Many parents have different parenting styles and can offer different levels of support to their children. Many of these parenting styles tend to vary between different cultures. If a child is subject to inconsistency and a lack of support this in turn could lead to a child suffering low support their children they can have low confidence and low self-esteem and sometimes a change in behaviour, seeking for attention.When too much pressure is put on someone to do well this can result in them getting stressed and afraid of failure. Families may have conflict between parents and children. This will impact on their lives as they hav e to spend a lot of time around family and if they don't like them it will be hard. With divorced families, children may spend time travelling between parents and so don't have time to concentrate on their school work. The parent they live with may also take out all their stress on the child.If a parents has died the child may feel very depressed and not concentrate on their school work. Religious beliefs and customs – Has the potential to influence many aspects of development, as it effects a child's (and adults) way of thinking, dietary needs, clothing, how often they are taken to obey their beliefs, which may result in them missing out at school, pre-school, clubs etc. A religious way of life can be transmitted between generations and grandparents maintain a significant influence. Some parents see passing on their faith as an important part of parenting.A religious identity at home can most certainly cause confliction with other pressures on their children, including negat ive portrayals of religion in the media. Ethnic beliefs and customs – Ethnic belies and customs can also affect a child's clothing, customs, dietary needs, education and other areas of their lives. Many adolescents from non-English speaking backgrounds face the challenge of dealing ith the tasks of adolescence while growing up between two cultures – with not only two languages but often very different behavioral and social expectations.There may be great variation in cultural values and norms regarding the central tasks of adolescence – such as developing a sense of identity and independence. Young people may have different forms of attire, causing them to be teased or bullied. Their culture may view interaction between men and women in a different way and the young person will struggle to recognise what is acceptable at school as it differs to ome. This could cause them to come into conflict with school rules or to be perceived as a trouble maker.Marginalisatio n and exclusion – marginalisation and exclusion can happen for a variety of reasons like, being poor, unemployed, family status, discriminated against, or being disabled by a society that won't work around the problems of impairment; they all bring with them the risk of exclusion. Being excluded from economic, social and political means of promoting one's self-determination can have adverse effects for individuals and communities alike.